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Abstract Background Nonsurgical rhinoplasty (NSR) utilizing hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injections is increasingly used to address nose shape issues. While refinements have been proposed, the

Background:  Recently, we introduced the Rino-4-Puntos (R4P) nonsurgical rhinoplasty technique using hyaluronic acid (HA), which effectively addresses nose shape issues. However, no nonsurgical rhinoplasty procedure

Abstract Background: Nonresponse to botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) has been reported in both medical and aesthetic applications. Secondary nonresponse (SNR) occurs when BoNT-A is initially